Flagrant Foul

• Outline
  • Gameplay
  • Positions
  • Equipment
  • Official
  • Violations
  • Fouls
  • Strategy
• Techniques and Practices
  • Basketball Moves
  • Shooting
  • Layups
  • Slam Dunks
  • Posting Up
  • Rebounding
  • Passing
  • Dribbling
  • Blocking
  • Triple Threat Position
• Positions
  • Point Guard (PG)
  • Shooting Guard (SG)
  • Small Forward (SF)
  • Power Forward (PF)
  • Center (C)

In basketball, a flagrant foul is a serious personal foul. A foul is considered flagrant when it involves excessive or violent contact that could injure the fouled player. A flagrant foul may be unintentional or purposeful; the latter type is simultaneously known as an "intentional foul" in the NCAA. However, most intentional fouls are not considered "flagrant" and are performed safely as a necessity for time management.

NBA

The NBA flagrant foul rule was enacted in the 1990s as an attempt to deter contact which, in addition to being against the rules, puts an opponent's safety and health at risk. According to the NBA rulebook, it applies to contact that puts safety and health at risk.

The NBA defines two levels of flagrant fouls, typically referred to as "Flagrant 1" and "Flagrant 2". Referees have discretion in determining which level to call, but the primary distinction is that a Flagrant 2 results in the immediate ejection of the offender. A player who receives two Flagrant 1 fouls in a single game is also ejected upon the second foul.

Fines

Over the course of the season, flagrant fouls include increasingly steep monetary fines, and possible suspension, at the discretion of the Commissioner of the NBA.

Game tactics

Within a game, the presence of the flagrant foul rule helps to deter undesired play (usually as the game winds down) by awarding possession of the ball as an extra penalty. A simple personal foul or intentional foul will generally result in either free throws or possession of the ball depending on the number of accumulated team fouls at the end of the game. However, a flagrant foul will result in both the award of free throws and subsequent possession. Thus, when a trailing team is employing a tactic of slowing the game down by fouling, it must be careful not to use unnecessary or excessive contact, even though such fouls are intentional by definition, or it will give its opponent both free throws and the ball back and defeat its own tactic.

 

FIBA

FIBA basketball rules have a similar foul called an unsportsmanlike foul, which is roughly equivalent to a flagrant type 1, with the addition that an unsportsmanlike foul can be called if a player fouls with no intention to play the ball (including excessive holding, shirt grabbing), as well as if a player fouls another player on a fast break from behind him. If a player commits a foul warranting immediate ejection from the game, the foul would be called as a disqualifying foul - similar to a flagrant 2. Two unsportsmanlike fouls lead to automatic ejection, similar to the NBA.

The penalty for an unsportsmanlike or disqualifying foul is two free throws and possession at midcourt for the opposing team.

NCAA and NFHS

NCAA (college) and NFHS (U.S. high school) rules define a flagrant foul as a personal or technical foul that is extreme or severe.

(NCAA Only) *A flagrant 1 foul involves excessive or severe contact during a live ball, including especially when a player, :...swings an elbow and makes illegal, non-excessive contact with an opponent above the shoulders..." This offense includes what was previously known as an "intentional foul" for when a player obviously fouls an opposing player to prevent an easy breakaway score. The penalty for a flagrant 1 foul is two free throws and a throw-in in for the opposing team at the out-of-bounds of bound spot nearest the foul.

• A flagrant 2 foul involves unsportsmanlike conduct that is extreme in nature, or excessive or severe contact during a dead ball, including, "...when a player swings an elbow excessively and makes contact above the shoulders..." Fighting is also considered a flagrant 2 foul. The penalty for a flagrant 2 foul in NCAA and NFHS rules is immediate ejection of the offending player, plus two free throws and a throw-in for the opposing team at the division line opposite the scorer's table.

In that they generally exceed the severity of "common" fouls, in addition to being personal fouls, flagrant 1 and flagrant 2 fouls are also technical fouls.

In May of 2011, the NCAA approved the rule changes to the above descriptions of these offenses.

 

• Outline
  

  SPORTS WORLD

  Basketball

  The object of the game is to outscore one's opponents by throwing the ball through the opponents' basket from above while preventing the opponents from doing so on their own. An attempt to score in this way is called a shot. A successful shot is worth two points, or three points if it is taken from beyond the three-point arc 6.75 metres (22 ft 2 in) from the basket in international games and 23 feet 9 inches (7.24 m) in NBA games. A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line after a foul is made.

  Rules and Regulations

  Gameplay: A jump ball is a method used to begin or resume play in basketball. Two opposing players attempt to gain control of the ball after it is tossed up into the air in between them by an official.

  Positions: During the early years of basketball's evolution, two guards, two forwards, and one center were used.

  Equipment: The only essential equipment in a basketball game is the ball and the court: a flat, rectangular surface with baskets at opposite ends.

  Official: Basketball is regarded as among the most difficult sports to officiate due to the fast speed of play, the complexity of rules that must be followed, the unique case-specific interpretations of rules, and the instantaneous judgement required.

  Violations: The ball must stay within the court; the last team to touch the ball before it travels out of bounds forfeits possession. The ball is out of bounds if it touches a boundary line, or touches any player or object that is out of bounds.

  Fouls: An attempt to unfairly disadvantage an opponent through certain types of physical contact is illegal and is called a personal foul.

  Strategy: The playbook starts as a canvas picture of the basketball court with all its boundaries and lines. On top of that, the playmaker can draw O's for players on offense, and X's for players on defense.

• Techniques and Practices
  

  SPORTS WORLD

  Techniques and Practices

  Basketball moves are generally individual actions used by players in basketball to pass by defenders to gain access to the basket or to get a clean pass to a teammate to score a two pointer or three pointer. Basketball Moves »

  Shooting: Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket, methods varying with players and situations.

  Slam dunks: A slam dunk, also dunk or dunk shot, is a type of basketball shot that is performed when a player jumps in the air, controls the ball(s) above the horizontal plane of the rim, and scores by putting the ball directly through the basket with one or both hands.

  Rebounding: Rebounds in basketball are a routine part in the game, as all possessions change after a shot is successfully made, or the rebound allows the defensive team to take possession.

  Passing: A pass is a method of moving the ball between players. Most passes are accompanied by a step forward to increase power and are followed through with the hands to ensure accuracy.

  Dribbling: Dribbling is the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one hand, and is a requirement for a player to take steps with the ball.

  Blocking: In basketball, a block or blocked shot occurs when a defensive player legally deflects a field goal attempt from an offensive player.

SPORTS

 

RESOURCES
This article uses material from the Wikipedia articles "Basketball" and "Flagrant foul", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.